pt sau của bạn bị thiếu thì phải

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=y^3+1\\\left(y+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)=z^3+1\\\left(z+1\right)\left(z^2+1\right)=x^3+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3+x^2+x=y^3\left(1\right)\\y^3+y^2+y=z^3\\z^3+z^2+z=x^3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giả sử \(x>y\Rightarrow x^3+x^2+x>y^3+y^2+y\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3>z^3\Leftrightarrow y>z\left(2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3+y^2+y>z^3+z^2+z\Rightarrow z>x\left(3\right)\)

Từ \(\left(2\right);\left(3\right)\Rightarrow y>x\) (Vô lí)

Giả sử \(x< y\Rightarrow x^3+x^2+x< y^3+y^2+y\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3< z^3\Leftrightarrow y< z\left(4\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3+y^2+y< z^3+z^2+z\Rightarrow z< x\left(5\right)\)

Từ \(\left(4\right);\left(5\right)\Rightarrow y< x\) (Vô lí)

\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^3+x^2+x=x^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=0\) hoặc \(x=y=z=-1\)

Lời giải:
$x,y,z>0$ thì $\frac{1}{x}, \frac{1}{y}, \frac{1}{z}$ mới xác định.

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

$(x+y+z)(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z})\geq 3\sqrt[3]{xyz}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{xyz}}=9$

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z$. Thay vào pt $(2)$:

$x^3=x^2+x+2$

$\Leftrightarrow x^3-x^2-x-2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2(x-2)+x(x-2)+(x-2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x^2+x+1)(x-2)=0$
Dễ thấy $x^2+x+1>0$ với mọi $x>0$ nên $x-2=0$

$\Rightarrow x=2$
Vậy hpt có nghiệm $(x,y,z)=(2,2,2)$

b, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=3\\y+z+t=4\\z+t+x=5\\t+x+y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(x+y+z+y+z+t+z+t+x+t+x+y=18\)

=> \(3\left(x+y+z+t\right)=18\)

=> \(x+y+z+t=6\)

=> \(x+y+z+t=x+y+t\)

=> \(z=0\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\y+t=4\\x+t=5\\x+y+t=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\y+t=4\\x+t=5\\y+5=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=3\\t+1=4\\x+t=5\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\t=3\\x+t=5\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\\z=0\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7xy=12\left(x+y\right)\\9yz=20\left(y+z\right)\\8zx=15\left(z+x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7xy-12x-12y=0\\9yz-20y-20z=0\\8zx-15z-15x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{12y}{7y-12}\\y=\frac{20z}{9z-20}\\x=\frac{15z}{8z-15}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(12y\left(8z-15\right)=15z\left(7y-12\right)\)

=> \(96yz-180y=105yz-180z\)

=> \(105yz-96yz=-180y+180z\)

=> \(9yz=-180y+180z\)

=> \(180z-180y=20y+20z\)

=> \(180z-20z=180y+20y=160z=200y\)

=> \(y=\frac{4}{5}z\)

=> \(\frac{20z}{9z-20}=\frac{4z}{5}\)

=> \(4z\left(9z-20\right)=100z\)

=> \(36z^2-180z=0\)

=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}z=5\\z=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH1 : z = 0 .

=> \(x=y=z=0\)

TH₂ : z = 5 .

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7xy=12\left(x+y\right)\\45y=20\left(y+5\right)\\40x=15\left(5+x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=4\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\\z=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Áp dụng bđt Svac-xơ:

\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{9}{y}+\dfrac{16}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+3+4\right)^2}{x+y+z}\ge\dfrac{64}{4}=16>9\)

=> hpt vô nghiệm

c) Ở đây x,y,z là các số thực dương

Áp dụng cosi: \(x^4+y^4+z^4\ge x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\ge xyz\left(x+y+z\right)=3xyz\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{3}{3}=1\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x^2+xz-yz+y^2=2\left(1\right)\\y^2+xy-yz+z^2=0\left(2\right)\\x^2-xy-xz-z^2=2\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Lấy (2) cộng (3) ta được

\(x^2+y^2-yz-zx=2\) (4)

Lấy (1) - (4) ta được

\(2x\left(x+z\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-z\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét 2 TH rồi thay vào tìm được y và z

1. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6xy=5\left(x+y\right)\\3yz=2\left(y+z\right)\\7zx=10\left(z+x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{6}{5}\\\dfrac{y+z}{yz}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\dfrac{z+x}{zx}=\dfrac{7}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{6}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{7}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đến đây thì dễ rồi nhé

2. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(xy-x\right)-\left(y-1\right)=6\\\left(yz-y\right)-\left(z-1\right)=12\\\left(zx-z\right)-\left(x-1\right)=8\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=6\\\left(y-1\right)\left(z-1\right)=12\\\left(z-1\right)\left(x-1\right)=8\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đến đây dễ rồi

Lời giải:

$\left\{\begin{matrix}x^2(y-z)=\frac{-5}{3} (1)\\ y^2(z-x)=3 (2)\\ z^2(x-y)=\frac{1}{3} (3)\end{matrix}\right.$

Ta có "vòng đặc biệt" này: $(x^2y^2-z^2x^2)+(y^2z^2-x^2y^2)+(z^2x^2-y^2z^2)=0$.

Từ đó, ta lấy: $(1).(y+z)+(2).(z+x)+(3).(x+y)=0$, ta được: $y-z=\frac{5}{2}x$.

Thế vào phương trình đầu ta được: $x=-\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{3}},\ y=-\sqrt[3]{18},\ z=-\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{12}}$.